Surveying Tool Types & Their Uses

Types of Surveying Equipment & Their Uses. A land surveyor takes exact measurements of the earth's surface using equipment. Surveyors need certain tools to complete their work effectively, from establishing property lines to setting up building sites.

The eight distinct types of surveying tools and their applications are summarized below:

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1. Tapes and Chains

One of the most critical jobs a land surveyor must do is taking precise measurements. Measurement may be done using a number of instruments, including chains, tape measures, rulers, and laser measuring equipment. While measuring wheels, nylon coated steel tapes (Nyclad tapes), and fiberglass tape measures can be used for longer distances, pocket tapes are best for small-scale measurements.

Products in this category that we recommend:

a. Nyclad Tape Measures - Nylon-coated steel tapes offer a flexible and robust alternative with the added benefit of an expansion coefficient equivalent to that of a steel drag chain, making them ideal for tasks requiring precise measures in tough environments or inclement weather.

b. Tape measures made of fiberglass Fiberglass tape measures come in a range of lengths, are plastic-coated for durability, are still easily portable, and are less prone to kink than steel tape.

c. calculating wheels Measuring wheels, often referred to as surveyor's wheels, have a revolving wheel that calculates the distance between two places while a person is moving, making them ideal for inspection or estimating work.

d. Devices for measuring with lasers - For the most accurate measurements possible, laser technology can calculate both vertically and horizontally as well as measure inclination, slope distance, and azimuth.

2. Clinometers and compasses

When surveying in uncharted terrain, the backwoods, or even merely locating your location on a map, a compass is a necessary piece of equipment. While clinometers are intended to measure the angle or elevation of slopes, compasses may be used to determine the distance between two places.

Products in this category that we recommend:

a. SILVA Ranger 2.0 Quad Compass - This mirror-sighted compass has quadrant graduations and delivers a high level of accuracy, precision, and longevity, making it perfect for determining direction over great distances.

b. Brunton Omni-Slope Sighting Clinometer: This clinometer is encased in lightweight aluminum for durability and mobility and has a precise pendulum for quick, accurate readings.

c. TruArc 20-Mirror Compass by Brunton - This mirror-righted compass, an updated version of a time-tested classic, uses the TruArc global needle technology for constant polarity and less magnetic interference. Additionally, it has a magnified readout, an Ever-North magnet, and a map magnifier.

3. Theodolites and Transits

Both horizontal and vertical angles are measured with the use of these instruments. Although the theodolite is typically regarded as the more precise of the two, measuring angles to an accuracy of one-tenth of a second angle, both instruments have a minimum precision of one minute of angle.

Products in this category that we recommend:

a. Using the Brunton GEO Pocket Transit, which has a rare-earth magnet and a sapphire jewel bearing, it is possible to gauge the trend and plunge of the market quickly, simultaneously, and with great accuracy.

b. The heavy-duty yet lightweight SECO Total Station and Theodolite Rucksack was created to safely transport surveying tools like a total station or theodolite.

4. Levels

To read an elevation and calculate elevation differences between two sites, use a level. These instruments, which can be portable, optical, or digital, are frequently used with tripods or leveling rods.

Products in this category that we recommend:

a. Sokkia SDL50 Digital Level 28x - This digital level eliminates human error while combining user-friendly simplicity and superior performance. It provides quick, precise measurements at the press of a button.

b. SECO Hand Levels - With internal and changeable external vial modules, three-line mirrors, and lightweight but heavy-duty construction, these hand levels are designed for up-close work in even the toughest terrain and guarantee a variation of less than 14 inch every 20 feet.

c. LL500 Spectra Precision Laser Level This precise laser level has a self-leveling mechanism, sturdy construction, very accurate readings, and a built-in "out of level" shutdown. It is intended for long-range measurements throughout an entire site.

5. Safety Equipment

Despite working in a variety of environments and climates, land surveyors always prioritize safety. For all outdoor work groups, high-visibility clothing and safety headgear are necessities.

Products in this category that we recommend:

a. With DUPONT-treated Teflon fabric, the 3A Safety 3 Season Waterproof Thermal Jacket keeps you warm in even the worst weather while simultaneously providing optimal visibility.

b. ML Kishigo Safari Hat - These full-brim hats keep your head cool and well-ventilated while also providing 360-degree reflectivity.

c. SECO Class 2 Safety Utility Vest - Specifically developed for surveyors, this utility vest features a cushioned collar for comfort, various pockets for convenience, and is composed of sturdy ANSI/ISEA-compliant materials.

6. Mirrors and Prisms

Control points are secured with prism systems at a convenient and reachable height for pin-point precision. For greater precision, these tools can be used in combination with electronic distance measurement (EDM) sensors and installed on surveying poles.

Products in this category that we recommend:

a. Sokkia Economy Tilting Prism - This tilting prism, which is reasonably priced, enables the user to rapidly adjust the target from behind for precise sighting.

b. SECO Double Right Angle Prism - This double right-angle prism's small size and accuracy make it simple to identify the right-angle or perpendicular points between two targets.

c. GeoMax GRZ122 360° High Accuracy Prism - This high-performance prism has an integrated point that enables the reflector to be placed precisely on the mark.

7. Locator Magnets

The position of certain elements, such as manhole and utility covers, steel and iron pipes, underground tanks, and survey corner markers, must be noted while performing a land survey. Iron, steel, and rebar are examples of ferrous materials that may be rapidly and precisely located with magnetic locators.

Products in this category that we recommend:

a. Magnetic Locator: Schonstedt Maggie This "next generation" magnetic locator has single-handed operation, the highest levels of sensitivity and precision, as well as cutting-edge ergonomics for comfortable usage.

b. With integrated Fence Ignoring Technology (FIT), the ChrisNik HoundDog Magnetic Locator is able to detect difficult-to-find survey markers even in the presence of metal fences and structures made of metal.

c. The pipe and cable and magnetic finding combination package from SubSurface Instruments is the ideal tool for utility-location experts in various sectors, including gas, sewage, electric, water, and telecom.

8. Mounts, poles, and tripods

An unsteady mount has the potential to destabilize even the most accurate surveying equipment. Surveyors need poles, tripods, and other mounting devices to provide accurate, steady readings. Prisms, lasers, and levels may all be mounted on these supports for use with various surveying tools.

Products in this category that we recommend:

a. Made of sturdy carbon fiber, the SECO Quick Release 8-foot Robotics Pole features an anti-rotation quick release mechanism and simple push-button operation.

b. The surveying-grade SECO Tri-Max Multiple Lock Tripod combines dual locks, fast releases, and twist locks to provide proven accuracy and unparalleled stability.

c. Dutch Hill Heavy-Duty Instrument Column Clamp - This compact aluminum clamp may be used with a number of surveying tools, including laser levels, thanks to its standard 5/8-11 mounting stud and 6-inch mounting plate.